Media Category: issue

Spinning wheel has three turned legs that hold a rectangular table. The table has a slot for the drive wheel which has ten turned spokes and is held by a pair of slanted posts. A drive band goes from the drive wheel to the mother-of-all with a complete bobbin/flyer unit and the tension screw at the end of the table. The two spinner-side legs fit into the front treadle board, which rests on two round feet. The treadle has a replacement hinge. There is a turned rod between the two legs at the drive wheel end. A piece of paper blocks the view of the distaff on the left.

The flyer is constructed of three pieces of turned wood that are fitted together to form a U-shape. Metal hooks can be seen on the top part of the flyer and there is handspun yarn on the bobbin.

Detail of lower part of the wheel showing two legs going through the treadle board that sits on two round feet. It has a metal hinge holding the foot plate. On the left side of the table a small sliding tray that is attached has been pulled out. There is a knob on the front of the tray.

Hinders Farm spinning wheel shows the three turned legs holding a rectangular table. At the left end is the mother-of-all with two maidens and a complete bobbin/flyer unit on it. The tension screw can be seen at the left end of the table. At the right end of the table are two turned posts that should hold the drive wheel. Only the rim of the drive wheel can be seen on the ground next to the wheel. The only part of the treadle is the board between the two legs on the spinner’s side.

Spinning wheel with slanted table and turned legs, but the treadle and footman are missing. Bobbin/flyer unit on left. Drive wheel on right with a thick rim has 14 spokes.

Rear view of upright wheel. Small rectangular wooden table on three turned legs. Two tall flat posts hold the drive wheel and the footman is attached to the treadle. The treadle bar is between two legs. At the top of the posts is a rod for holding the bobbin for a shuttle for weaving.

Two flat rectangular boards that have been carved. The one on the left, painted dark green, has a row of points at the top, and two curves carved on the sides. There are two cut-outs that also have points for holding the fibers. The one on the right, painted light green, is narrower on the top and the sides are straight. There are two cut-outs with points. Most of the points at the very top are broken off.

Two Torock from West Coast region are next to each other. They are spool-shaped cage distaffs and the cage is divided into two halves. They are intricately carved. The one on the right has a little ball that is carved inside and the date 1861 in Roman numerals.

Three blånkräkla, blånkrona or tow crown distaffs. The two on the left look like they were made from a tree branch with a post and small pieces sticking out and the bark striped off. The one on the right has a turned post and arm, the top part has a circular base with wooden spikes inserted into it.

Sixteen Swedish distaffs for flax from the collection of Kirsi Manni are arranged in a row. All are carved from wood and some are painted. From the left the first three are elliptical in shape. Next is a long pole carved at the top. The next nine are spear-shaped with intricate carvings and cut-outs. The last three are flat rectangular boards with sections cut out with teeth-like points to hold the flax fibers.

Close-up of two distaffs called rock parallel to each other showing carved, spear-shaped heads, with the details of the carvings on the right-hand ends.

Three Rockhuvud distaffs typical of those attached to spinning wheels in Dalarma region are arranged one above the other. Each one has a post to set into the wheel table, an arm that projects out, and the distaff at the top. They are all turned but the one at the top is plain wood and not as ornately carved as the other two that are also painted. The distaff part at the top is a narrow conical shape.

Ornately carved and painted distaffs from northern regions of Sweden. Four long spear-shaped distaffs are in row. From the left the first one is triangular in shape painted blue/gray with delicate carvings. The second has notches at the top and square boxes cut out at the bottom that have small bells in them. The third is triangular, painted blue with two cut-outs. The fourth one, painted green, is more conical with curved, swirl-like cut-outs.

A wooden table with a short leg on the left and two higher legs on the right, has a large wheel with 10 spokes on the right. A treadle pad has an arm that connects to a footman. The footman goes across to the accelerating wheel, counterbalance weight, and spindle post, which is in an upright vertical position.

Close up of left end shows the parts of counterbalanced wheel in neutral position.
1-Treadle base;
2-Treadle arm;
3-Footman;
insert shows 4-Footman hook;
5-Spindle post

On the lower right a purple-socked foot is pushing on the treadle. Numbers show the steps to twist the wool fiber.
1. The spinner turns the wheel clockwise;
2. the right foot slowly presses the treadle forward/down;
3. the footman moves to the left, pushing the footman hook also to the left;
4. the spindle post subsequently rotates counter-clockwise, causing
5. the spindle to move away from the spinner.
The large arrow pointing to the left shows the direction in which the spindle is moving.

On the lower right a purple-socked foot is pushing on the treadle. Numbers show the steps to wind the yarn onto the spindle.
1. The spinner continues turning the wheel clockwise.
2. The yarn is moved towards the table, perpendicular to the spindle shaft.
3. The right foot slowly presses the back of the treadle downward,
4. causing the footman and footman hook to be pulled to the right.
5. The weight, which was lifted upward during the twisting action, is being pulled downward by gravity, facilitating the clockwise rotation of the spindle post,
6. which moves the spindle closer to the spinner.
The large arrow pointing to the right shows the direction in which the spindle is moving.

Great wheel with spindle post in foreground. Table has board tensioner with large bolt on top. Drive wheel has 12 spokes and a flat rim.

Wooden table on four legs that have braces between the legs and the table. Metal drive wheel with handle on left. Accelerating wheel on right with bands that connect to spindle half way to drive wheel.

Line drawings of patent for Canadian Patent #201, given in 1868 to Daniel H. Spragg, mechanic, and Isaiah W. Holden, mechanic, County of St. John, New Brunswick, Canada. Upper diagram is view from top. Lower drawing is side view showing table with drive wheel on right and accelerating wheel on left. Not very detailed.

Map of Estonia has Suur-Pakri highlighted in blue on the northwest coast on the Gulf of Finland, and the Estonian National Museum in Tartu in the southeast.

A man with his left arm outstretched stands behind a sled filled with household items from Hinders farm when they evacuated in March 1939. The spinning wheel can be seen on top of pile. A wooden building can be seen in the distance in the left hand corner.

Side view of wooden frame with vertical pieces on the sides with horizontal pieces at top, middle, and near bottom. Between top and middle a flat cut out piece reinforces the structure. On each side is a wooden diagonal piece with a half circle cut out. Shafts and strings can be seen within the frame.

View of wooden frame from one side facing the weaver. At the top is a hanging beater set into brackets with a reed. Strings with handles can be seen in from of the reed. There is flat piece of wood between the two diagonal pieces on each side. A round beam is below that. Strings can be seen going around pulleys set into a piece of wood in the middle of the bottom crosspiece.

View from the top showing two shafts with string heddles. Pulleys with strings above and strings to pulleys below on bottom crosspiece. Beater can be seen behind the shafts.

Rectangular wooden board with a pair of short uprights at each end with two dowels between them. A wooden ratchet and pawl are next to an upright at each end.

Restored loom shows arms added on each side to hold wooden hole-and-slot heddle in the middle, resting on a block. Warp in blue, green, red, and yellow thread going from one end through the heddle to the other.

Side view of restored loom with heddle resting on the base. Warp threads clearly separated to make the shed. Hands visible on the right.

Loom assembled showing front breast beam, overhead beater, clothe beam, four shafts, and four treadles. A half-circle shaped loom bench is set into bottom bar at front of loom and leans out away from the loom.

Pieces of Second Weaver Rose Loom when it arrived. Pieces of wood of varying sizes and thicknesses laying across each other both horizontally and vertically. Only recognizable shape is of a wooden shuttle in foreground.

A wooden base on feet holds three vertical supports with a horizontal crosspiece half way up. The front upright leans at an angle toward the weaver. Dowels are set into the supports. String heddles are set between the first and second supports and tied to a dowel in the middle of the middle support. A warp goes through the heddles and around the dowels.

Two vertical supports hold the spool for the warp on one end and the spool for the woven tape at the other. Two horizontal pieces are between them. In the middle is a vertical wooden piece that is attached to the top horizontal board. On each side of it is a piece of wood that holds each of the two shafts with string heddles. They go through the crosspiece and are tied to the two treadles on the bottom. At the top is a pulley and the shafts are tied to that. A warp is threaded through the shafts.

Large wooden loom viewed from the side, warp beam on right rests in wide upright, Broad pieces of wood on side attached to tall front pieces. Overhead piece sticks out, cantilevers over loom and holds overhead beater. Breast beam is attached on side by metal bracket. Shafts with string heddles in foreground.

Front shows warp threads tied to board. Threads go through the reed and the string heddles on the shafts to the warp beam. Warp beam is pulled beyond the back of the loom on extenders on each side, wood pieces with notches, for ease of putting sizing on the threads.